It has an extension of 6984 km, occupying the 7th place between the provinces of the country, 6230.2 km2 and 754.1 km2 of land.
Origin: Avilanian.
Capital: Ciego de Ávila city.
Administrative Political Division: 10 municipalities: Chambas, Morón, Bolivia, Primero de Enero, Ciro Redondo, Florencia, Majagua, Ciego de Ávila, Venezuela and Baraguá.
In its geography we can find the plain of Júcaro - Morón, of karst relief, with isolated elevations like Cunagua Hill with 332 meters; the Carolina Hill with 84 meters; Turiguanó Hill with 105 meters; Punta Alegre Hill with 116 meters. To the west are the eastern ends of the plains of Sancti Spíritus and the North of Central Cuba.
They stand out in the heights of the North of Central Cuba: the Sierra of Jatibonico, and Lomas of Mabuya with culminating height at the peak of January 28, with 442 meters in the municipality of Florencia.
Though Ciego de Ávila has small rivers with little flow, the main one for its importance is the Chambas River in the north slope, and the one of greater length is the Majagua River.
The main natural reservoirs are: Laguna de la Leche with 66.15 km2 (the largest in the country), and the Redonda with 67 km2.
The largest surface reservoir is the Hydro-grouping Liberación de Florencia, formed by the dams Chambas I and Chambas II.
Red and yellowish ferralitic soils predominate in the province. There are also dark hydromorphic plastics in the plains and low areas, reddish brown and brown with carbonates. Those of agrological category I and II are located towards the center of the province.
There are approved protected natural areas of significance; of national significance: El Venero, Wildlife Refuge (RF) Cayos de Ana María, Central and West Ecological Reserve of Cayo Coco and Jardines de la Reina National Park.Of local significance: Featured Natural Element (END) El Boquerón to the northwest in the municipality of Florencia, (END) Dunas de Pilar, (END) Buchillones- Punta Alegre, Wildlife Refuge (RF) Loma de Santa María, (RF) Loma of Cunagua, (RF) La Leche - La Redonda lagoon system; of great international interest is the Great Wetland of the North of Ciego de Ávila, a Ramsar site that includes areas of natural values proposed as protected areas.The economy is based on the development of the agriculture, tourism, industry and construction sectors.Agriculture is its main branch of economy, with an index of 1.05 hectares of agricultural area per inhabitants and 0.45 hectares of area cultivated by inhabitants, being the highest in the country, being 64.8% of agricultural land and 60.6% cultivated from the same.Foods, fruits, tubers, grains and roots are grown, including potato, sweet potato, squash, malanga, banana, cassava, sugarcane, orange, pineapple, mango, guava: therefore, there are companies linked to the branches of the sugar industry and its derivatives; to the food industry; canning factories linked to the production of citrus, vegetables and fruit; dairy complexes and meat products.There are two industrial poles in the city of Ciego and Morón; especially the light industry which develops with shoe factories, textile garments, plastic articles, furniture, plastic pipes, beverages and spirits, and solar heaters, among others.
3 Statistical Yearbook December 2017.
Ciego de Ávila municipality has the highest industrial employment with 61% of jobs in 5 industrial branches. Gaso-oil deposits are used in the development of other industries and mineral deposits such as gypsum, gem salt, kaolin, clay, and others that may be linked to the development of branches of the chemical and extractive industry of non-metallic minerals and production of construction materials.The tourism sector is developed in Jardines del Rey region, at the Cayo Coco and Guillermo poles, with prospective development for the Paredón Grande and Antón Chico Cays.
The demographic situation is 435 170 inhabitants: 215 593 women and 219 577 men. Among the most important cities and towns are Ciego de Ávila, Morón, Ciro Redondo, Venezuela, Gaspar, Majagua, Florence, Bolivia, Baraguá and Chambas. 3!
The main communication axes are by road; the Central Highway crosses the province through the center from west to east and the North Circuit; other secondary roads join other municipalities (937.5 km of roads). Parallel to these axes are the central railroad tracks and northern Cuba, connected by others for economic use, 1 El Jardines del Rey International Airport, 1 interprovincial station and 1 intermunicipal bus station, 2 railway stations of national interest.Among the places of interest are the Lagunas de la Leche and La Redonda, the Boquerón, the Cunagua Hill, the keys of Ana María, the Turiguanó Island, the remains of the Trocha de Júcaro a Morón, and the archaeological site Buchillones. Among the historical events from the town hall of Sancti Spíritus, whose jurisdiction corresponded to the lands that today form the province of Ciego de Ávila, was the delimitation of the first settlements: Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de la Virgen, Jicotea, Baraguá, La Jagua, Lázaro López, La Ceiba, Morón, Nauyú, Marroquí, Los Perros, Las Chambas, La Güira, Júcaro and other places that had already been populated and presented economic perspectives.
3 Statistical Yearbook December 2017
In the 10-year war, the actions of the Avilanian brothers José, Marcial and Felipe Gómez Cardoso stand out, and in 1875 the victorious crossing of the Júcaro-Morón Fortress line by Máximo Gómez towards the west, and in 1876 the assaults on Ciego de Ávila and Morón.
The War of 95 begins with an uprising at the Jagüey farm in Florence; on November 29, 1895, the crossing of the Trocha by Titan of Bronze, Antonio Maceo took place, and the next day the Invading Army was finally formed in Lázaro López where the new fighting tactics were traced in the historic harangue of Máximo Gómez in which he stated: "The day that there is no combat will be a lost or misused day.
"So these facts were declared by the Assembly of the Provincial People's Power as the most significant in Avilanian history.
In honor of El Generalísimo, the Revolution Square of Ciego de Ávila is named after Major General Máximo Gómez Báez.
Between the years 1896 - 1897, the Campaign of the Reformation, the most successful military campaign developed on American soil during the independence struggles, takes place on Avilanian soil.
In the neo colony important struggles developed, among them: the sugar strikes of 1907 and 1924. During this period, the labor leader Enrique Varona González stands out. Other strikes of great significance were the one of the sugar differential of December 1955, those of August 1933 against the tyranny of Machado, and the revolutionary general strike of April 9, 1958 with important actions, in which 5 young people were killed.
With the Triumph of the Revolution there were important historical events linked to the process of transformation, development and defense of socialism, being among the main ones:
• the literacy campaign.
• the fight against bandits.• mobilizations on the occasion of the Invasion of Girón and the October Crisis.
• the inauguration of Manuel Sanguily Peasant Community by Commander in Chief Fidel Castro Ruz (September 1960) and other rural communities.
• the inauguration of Cepillo y Brocha Factory by Commander Ernesto Guevara (February 1963).
• the construction of schools in the countryside that contributed to the formation of young people and the development of important agricultural plans, such as the Ceballos citrus plan, the one for several crops in Sanguily, and La Cuba. (1972)
• the inauguration of the Turiguanó Island - Cayo Coco causeway in 1988 that set guidelines for the development of tourism in the province.
• the celebration of national acts by July 26 (1980, 2002 and 2011).